ABSTRACT

An in vitro micropropagation system has been developed for Terminalia arjuna Roxb., an important Indian medicinal plant and non mulberry primary food plant of tropical tasar silkworm (Antheria mylitta Drury). Nodal segments obtained from 15-d-old aseptically grown seedlings were used as explants. MS medium containing 1.5 mg/L BAP was found most suitable for culture initiation. Although shoot multiplication was achieved on MS medium containing BAP and Kn, the maximum number of shoots was obtained with 1.5 mg/L BAP. Best rooting response was observed on MS medium salts, 0.6% agar and 0.1 mg/L IBA. Plantlets were hardened initially in culture room conditions and then transferred to misthouse.

Keywords: Axillarys bud proliferation, Arjun, in vitro, rooting, shoot multiplication

A study was conducted to assess the water quality and plankton composition in Amblypharyngodon mola  fish pond for a period of 4 months in  Bangladesh. Nine earthen pond each with three treatments,  viz.  T₁, T₂ and T₃ were stocked with A. mola at the density of 145,000; 73,000 and 36,500 individual ha^-1, respectively. Water quality parameters such as water temperature, transparency, total alkalinity, pH, dissolved oxygen, Nitrate-nitrogen, ammonia-nitrogen, phosphate-phosphorus and chlorophyll-a of the ponds water were measured. Water quality parameters (except transparency and chlorophyll-a) did not show any significant differences (P>0.05) among the treatments. The lowest PO₄-P and chlorophyll-a concentration were observed in treatment T₁ where 145,000 individual ha^-1 of  A. mola was cultured. Plankton samples were also collected and identified throughout the study period. A total of 38 genera of phytoplankton and 13 genera of zooplankton were identified of which Chlorophyceae (20 genera) in phytoplankton population and Crustacea (9 genera) in zooplankton population were dominant. The mean value of total plankton population (×10³ cells L^-1) were 158.42±53.33, 191.17±62.24 and 240.17±93.37 in T₁, T₂ and T₃ treatments, respectively and contributing to the fish production according to their availability and abundance within the treatment. The study reveals that the rural based farmers can develop an actual mechanism of plankton production in aquatic environment which could be essential necessary for the maintenance of water quality and sustainable development of small scale indigenous fish culture in Bangladesh and other developing countries.

 

This paper presents a new bidirectional dc-dc converter for renewable energy sources with a main objective of building a reliable power source with the available unreliable energy sources i.e., renewable energy sources. Compared to the traditional full and half bridge bidirectional dc-dc converters for the similar applications, the new topology has the advantages of soft switching implementation without additional devices, high efficiency and simple control. These advantages make the new converter promising for medium and high power applications especially for auxiliary power supply in fuel vehicles and power generation where the high power density, low cost, light weight and high reliability power converters are required. The bi-directional dc-dc converter is simulated using ORCAD. The circuit is simulated in the Buck & Boost mode. The simulation results coincide with the results tested experimentally on bidirectional converters. The operating principle, theoretical analysis is provided in this project. The control circuit, power circuit & driver circuit are fabricated on general purpose PCB. The experimental results coincide with the simulation results.

This paper explains the project which includes design and fabrication of a display based on Persistence of vision. The objective of the project is to create virtual display in air. A class of display device described as "POV" is one that composes an image by displaying one spatial portion at a time in rapid succession (for example, one column of pixels every few milliseconds). A two-dimensional POV display is often accomplished by means of rapidly moving a single row of LEDs along a linear or circular path. The effect is that the image is perceived as a whole by the viewer as long as the entire path is completed during the visual persistence time of the human eye. A further effect is often to give the illusion of the image floating in mid-air. For building this project, requirement is just a small 40 pin microcontroller, a position encoder, and SMD LEDs.

Keywords: POV display, persistence of vision, Rotating display, ATMEGA32

A Mobile Ad-Hoc Network (MANET) consists of portable wireless nodes. The communication between these mobile nodes is dispensed with non-centralized management. There are still many open problems concerning MANETs like security problem. Black Hole Attack is one amongst the security threats that is applicable in the network. The aim of this work is to analyze the effect of Black Hole Attack in MANET routing protocol i.e. Ad-Hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) and Temporarily Ordered Routing Algorithm (TORA). Comparative analysis of both protocols with Black Hole Attack is taken into account. The simulation is done using NS2 simulator.

Keywords: AODV, MANET, NS2, TORA.

Abstract:

Nonlinear analysis of electroencephalogram (EEG) activity can provide a better understanding of brain signal dynamics during cognitive fatigue. The aim of this study was to analyse the regularity of EEG time series of healthy participants undergoing a series of cognitive tasks to test the hypothesis whether the irregularity of EEG signals changes through increasing time on performing cognitive task. EEG activities were recorded from two scalp loci of the international 10-20 system (that are F_z and P­_z electrodes representing the midline frontal and parietal lobes of the brain respectively) in twelve participants from which Approximate Entropy (ApEn) values were computed. ApEn is a nonlinear method which quantifies the irregularity of a time series whereby larger ApEn corresponds to more irregularity. ApEn values were found to be significantly different among the six time intervals of a series of 5-minutes cognitive tasks (p<0.01). Moreover, there was a significant positive correlation between ApEn at the P_z electrode and measured mental fatigue visual analogue scale (p<0.01). Therefore, the irregularity found in the participants’ EEG signals across the time intervals of performing cognitive task demonstrate that EEG regularity analysis with ApEn might be a useful tool in increasing our insight into the characteristics of the brain processes involved while performing fatiguing cognitive task and in quantifying cognitive fatigue.

Keywords: approximate entropy, attention, cognitive fatigue, EEG analysis, nonlinear method

Background: HCV infection is the leading cause of mortaility around the world particulary in Pakistan. Hepatistis can severly damage liver which ultimately leads to the death of patient. Number of reports around the world indicate the higher rate of prvelence of HCV infection, these rate are higehr in Asian and underdeveopled countries. We therefore have setu up crosssectional study to assess the HCV infection in the residents of three union councils of Jamshoro District.

Methodology: The study was conducted for the period of six months from january 2013 to june 2013. The data was obtained by structured interview based questionnaire comprised of questions about  transmission of risk factors and awareness of HCV. Serum was obtained by centrifuging the blood and HCV was detected using Elisa Kit.

Results: Total 662 subjects were randomly selected for the study, out of which 351 (53%) males and 311 (47%) were females. The over all prevalnce rate of HCV positive cases was  recorded as 128 (19.33%), Of these 128, 71(55.5%) were males  and 57(45.5%) were females. HCV infection was common in all age groups and overall the level of awareness was very low, and ven in lower in case of tranmission of HCV infection from one person to other person.

Conclusion: HCV is increasing day by day in the residents of targeted Union councils, and the residents are less aware about the prevention measures, practical steps are needed to aware them from causes of HCV.

Keywords: Prevalence, Awareness, Hepatitis C, Jamshoro.

It is generally difficult for a system to ensure load symmetry and resource constraints at a time. When we deal with the resources such as CPU and memory in the task related with real time it is very complicated process of manipulation of resources in multiple processor systems. In simple word resource scheduling and manipulation is a key problem in multiprocessor system. To solve this problem a phenomenon of load symmetry and divination is discussed to integrate and manage resources in multiprocessor system in this paper. This phenomenon significantly predicts the wait time before a packet to be processed based on the load of the processor and the timestamp of the packet. We use simulation experiment to present that the phenomenon can decrease the possibility of packets delay and increase the concurrency of flows that the system can serve easily. It also deduces about migration of packet between processors to guarantee that the packets can be processed before time. This phenomenon increases utilization of multiple processors and also build up the capacity of system to face difficulties occurred in packet migration between processors.

Keywords: JAVA, Swing(JFC), Eclipse 3.3

Ad-hoc wireless network include limited resources like battery life, storage capacity, network bandwidth and processor. These limitations possibly decreases via offloading data from mobile device to cloud, but due to continuous transferring offloading data, hammering problem occur. For removing this problem, we used on demand data broadcast & queue management system. In this article, Design and developed the wireless heterogeneous network with capability to communicate with each other & making utilization of cloud by offloading user can access data through cloud, Identify the impact of wireless network traffic load & according to that we demonstrate Offloading Decision algorithms. Calculating the execution time of the network while accessing the Multi network in mobile computing. Future research on Het-Net for Mobile Cloud Computing will be conducted based multi criteria offloading decision for the Mobile Cloud Computing in Het-Net.

The MATLAB model of  speed control of induction motor by using indirect vector control through IP speed controller is represent in this model ,cage type 50 HP induction motor is use for representation of this model. The field orientation theory is take place for detailed studies of this model in simulation. Motor speed control by using  PI control in Field orientated control (FOC) drives. .In induction motor scalar control  have some limitation which is overcome by the field orientation control . The indirect vector controlled induction motor drive involve dissociate of the stator current in to torque and flux producing components.

Keywords: Induction motor, Indirect vector control, Proportional integral controller

Bolted joints are widely used in various kinds of aerospace and spacecraft structures. Accurate estimation of bolt forces is the prime requirement for the design and verification of joints when they are subjected to external loads. Usually, the bolts and joining components (flanges) are made of different materials having different mechanical properties like modulus, strength, surface finish qualities (friction coefficient), thermal co-efficient of expansions etc. Hence the integrity of the joint has to be maintained for thermal and external loads acting of the connecting elements and bolts. The change in the bolt force is a function of the stiffness of joining materials and type of the joint. In literature empirical equations are available for the analysis of bolted joints, but the methods are limited to the analysis of joints where flanges are clamped using a bolt and a nut. In case of spacecraft structure, the different sub-assemblies are connected to main structure using bolt and potted insert configuration. In this paper the behavior of such type of joints in the sandwich panels structures are studied.

Commonly used empirical formulae are used to analyze typical bolted joint in sandwich panels and finite element analysis were carried out to understand behaviour of the joint in detail. An Axisymmetric model using 2D solid elements is generated for bolted joints with different types of inserts to understand the bolt load variations due to temperature. The behavior of such joints due to external loads is also studied using the 3D finite element models. Variation in the bolt forces of different configurations are estimated using the formulae and FE analysis are discussed in this paper.

Nitrogen fixation is an important biological process where atmospheric nitrogen is converted into ammonia, which can easily be assimilated by the plants. In the present study broth containing N-fixing bacteria Azotobacter and Azospirillum were applied on rose plant (Rosa polyantha) and its effect on the growth and yield of rose plant was studied. A pot experiment was conducted to study the effect of two bacterial inoculants Azotobacter, Azospirillum and their combination on growth and yield of rose. The result showed that application of mixed inoculants (Azotobacter + Azospirillum) produced significantly maximum yield with respect to plant height, number of leaves, number of branches per plant, high chlorophyll and protein content, when compared with single inoculation and control. Azospirillum inoculation resulted in higher growth and yield parameters in comparison to Azotobacter inoculation. From this study, it can be concluded that the biofertilizer inoculation of mixed inoculants gives maximum yield of rose plant as compared to single inoculation and control.

Key words: Biofertilizers, Azotobacter, Azospirillum, Rosa polyantha

How businesses resolve customer complaining behaviour effectively has been considered a “defensive marketing†strategy or a “zero-defections†strategy, which diminishes customer dissatisfaction. Handling customer dissatisfaction accompanies Web customer complaint management, which might be the critical issue for online customer service solutions and e-CRM. In this paper, we: 1) investigate the current methods of online/offline complaints; 2) current available solutions and their shortcomings3) provide guidelines for successful e-CRM. Fifty thousand customer complaints from different publicized e-business customer services were analyzedin this study. The research findings suggest that businesses should 1) provide excellent online customer services because customer service is the most important factor in customer satisfaction; 2) respond to customers’ requests/complaints fast because the response speed is more important in customer satisfaction; 3) a one-stop easy accessible destination for all customer issues and complaints makes customer satisfaction convenient and effective.

Keywords- e-CRM, IVRs, e-Business, SME, Mobile Technology, Python, Django

The present study was conducted to develop and investigate pumpkin pies to assess its prospect in marketability and study their shelf-life. Fresh pumpkin was used to produce pumpkin puree. The pumpkin pies were prepared by incorporating different levels of pumpkin puree, wheat flour, sugar, milk and egg. The pumpkin pies were investigated for their nutritional and sensory properties. The sensory results showed that overall acceptability, flavor, texture and color scores differed significantly (p<0.05). The pumpkin pies containing pumpkin puree (40%), wheat flour (12%), sugar (20%), milk powder (15%) and egg (13%) was the favorite sample of the sensory evaluation with the highest overall acceptability among all types of pumpkin pies samples. The nutritional compositions of the best sample were moisture 38.05%, ash 1.15%, protein 10.24%, fat 7.33% and total carbohydrate 43.24% which energy value was 279.88kcal/g.

Contemporary web is comprised of trillions of pages and everyday tremendous amount of requests are made to put more web pages on the WWW. It has been difficult to manage information present on web than to create it. Web page categorization can be defined as an approach to categorize the web pages based on a set of predefined categories to manage large web content. Yahoo! and ODP are the examples of web directories in which pages are categorized manually or semi automatically, but it is a very time consuming task. There are many ways of categorizing web pages using different techniques. An approach to categorize web pages automatically on the basis of characteristics of web pages using neural network based single discrete perception training algorithm which is extended by selecting web page specific features to categorize web pages of predefined categories with high accuracy. The idea is presented with the help of two specific and major categories of web pages chosen for categorization that are newspaper and education.

Keywords: Categorization, Web

An image watermarking is process of embed an image with some parameter (secondary parameter) known as watermark image but without any degradation or deterioration in image quality to offer copyright protection. Copyright protection means protection from illegal copying for one’s intellectual property. Here the method of nested digital image watermarking is used. Nesting of image watermarking means when a watermark is embedded into the other watermark. The Randomized Least Significant Bit (RLSB) hiding algorithm is used for the process embedding because it has the lesser complexity and also it is more robust to variations with the type of image. And the blowfish cryptographic algorithm is used for encryption. Here encryption done into watermark image before embedding with the cover image. Here the concept of encrypt the watermark image before embedded with the main image just to increase the level of security of the watermarked image.

Keywords: Image Watermarking, RLSB, Blowfish Algorithm, Copyright Protection.

In recent years, there has been significant progress and expansion on the development of evidence-based psychosocial treatments for substance abuse and dependence. A literature review was undertaken using the several electronic databases (PubMed, Cochrane Database of systemic reviews and specific journals, which pertain to psychosocial issues in addictive disorder and guidelines on this topic). Overall psychosocial interventions have been found to be effective. Some interventions, such as cognitive behavior therapy, motivational interviewing and relapse prevention, appear to be effective across many drugs of abuse. Psychological treatment is more effective when prescribed with substitute prescribing than when medication or psychological treatment is used alone, particularly for opiate users. The evidence base for psychological treatment needs to be expanded and should also include research on optimal combinations of psychological therapies and any particular matching effects, if any. Psychological interventions are an essential part of the treatment regimen and efforts should be made to integrate evidence-based interventions in all substance use disorder treatment programs. 

Keywords: Non-pharmacological interventions, psychosocial, substance use.

Wireless Sensor and Actor Networks (WSANs) is a bunch of sensors and actors joined by wireless medium to perform distributed sensing and exploit tasks. In such a network, sensors gather data concerning the physical world, whereas actors take choices and so perform acceptable actions upon the surroundings that permit remote, machine-controlled interaction with the surroundings.       Actors sometimes coordinate their motion in order that they keep approachable to every different. However, a failure of associate actor might cause the network to partition into disjoint blocks and would therefore violate such a property demand.       In this paper, a Least-Disruptive topology Repair (LeDiR) algorithmic rule [15] is presented. LeDiR may be a localized and distributed algorithmic rule [12] that leverages existing route discovery activities within the network and imposes no extra pre-failure communication overhead.

Keywords: WSANs, LeDiR algorithm, Restoration, DCR Algorithm, DARA.

This paper proposed for high efficiency converter with high voltage gain introducing a soft switch continues conduction mode (CCM) boost converter in applications such as dc back up energy system for UPS, photovoltaic, hybrid electric vehicle. In order to achieve high voltage at output terminal the rectifier diode must contain a short pulse current with high amplitude i.e. in resulting to serve the reverse recovery to high electromagnetic problems. The proposed converter shows turn on the switches in CCM by using zero voltage switching as well as to alleviate turn off switching losses owning to the switching method that utilises L_r-C_r resonance in the auxiliary circuit. Also, as a result of the proposed switching method, the switching losses produced with diode reverse recovery become very negligible even in the small duty cycle. In this type of converter has voltage conversation ratio is higher than ordinary boost converter. Resulting voltage gain of this converter is also high comparatively other converter.

Keywords - DC-DC converter, soft-switched, high voltage gain, continuous conduction mode (CCM).

Today internet users are using web search engines for complex generic query processing to achieve the day to day activities like trip management, budget planning, shopping plan and text similarity etc. To avoid the complex generic query management many search engines are using query modulators, to break the main query in smaller sub queries to reduce the complexity and to extract the relevant data as results. Some search engines also maintain the user level search history customization to help the user by suggesting them. To achieve more efficiency in personalized search, in this paper we are introducing dynamic clustering in personalized search to assist the user search and to improve the precision of search relevance. This clustering is also useful to find result ranking, relevance ratio and result collaboration. Experimental results are showing that our approach is having the high precision and recall in terms of search relevance and scalable in terms of response time than other approaches.

Keywords: web mining, personalized search, dynamic query clustering, search history analysis, query result processing.

Now-a-days mostly mobile devices using social network applications have a part in mobile software. Social network applications utilize the particular component called mobile presence service. It collects and maintains each and every user’s present status details. Some of the details like current status [online/offline], Global location and network address, and also updates the user’s online status friends with the details. If presence frequently gets updates, it may lead to a scalability problem in a large-scale mobile presence service because the more number of messages distributed by presence servers. To notify the problem and enables mobile presence services to support large-scale social network applications, we proposed efficient and scalable server architecture, called Presence Cloud. When mobile device using people connect to network, Presence Cloud searches for the presence of his/her friends and notifies them of his/her status. For efficient and good presence searching, Presence Cloud arranges presence servers into a neat architecture, called quorum-based server-to-server architecture. To achieve small constant search latency, It also uses a directed search algorithm and a one-hop caching strategy. The total number of messages generated by the presence server when a user arrives is called the search cost; the time it takes to search for the arriving user’s friend list is called the satisfaction level.

The Grg family of corepressor proteins lacks DNA-binding domain and these are recruited to the promoter region by interacting with DNA-binding transcription factors. Recruitment to the promoter by DNA-binding transcriptional factors results in transcriptional repression. There are five member of Grg proteins namely Grg1-5. Grg1-4 are the long forms and Grg5 is the short form of Grg family of corepressor. It has been reported that Grg proteins make tetramers to mediate the repression. In a collocatiozation assay, the full length myc-mGrg3 was transfected in COS7 cells along with mGrg5 and mGrg1∆280 fused with GFP. The colocalization assay indicates that full length myc-mGrg3 interacts with short form mGrg5-GFP by changing the localization pattern of mGrg5-GFP from cytoplasm to nucleus. In addition, we have also shown that Grg proteins interact with each other via N-terminal end, since myc-mGrg3 could not alter the translocation of non nuclear truncated form mGrg1∆280-GFP from cytoplasm into the nucleus. The inability of myc-mGrg3 to translocate mGrg1∆280-GFP indicates that Grg protein interact with each other only via N-terminal end. In conclusion, results we show here suggest that Grg protein interact with each other via N-terminal end and that this interaction alters the localization pattern of interacting Grg proteins.

Keywords: COS7 cells, Grg proteins, Colocalization assay.

The ground based radar calibration of a space borne radar is an important means of testing the reliability of Tropical Rain Measuring Mission- Precipitation Radar (TRMM- PR) derived radar reflectivity factor (Z) and rain rate (R) values over a location. For this purpose, a well-calibrated ground based Micro Rain Radar (MRR) located at Department of Physics, The Federal University of Technology, Akure (Lat 5.3⁰E, Long 7.3⁰N) in south-western Nigeria was used to validate data from TRMM satellite data. The measurements of the vertical profile of reflectivity factor and rain rate were carried out using TRMM-PR satellite radar and a MRR simultaneously in 2008 and 2010 during the raining season. The data collected from 49 different range gates covering heights from 250 m -1225 m in 250 m steps from TRMM-PR and 30 different range gates covering height from 0 – 4800 m in 160 m steps for MRR were compared. From the two years data used, 28 days (overpasses) of significant rainfall at two different heights 1.5 km and 4.0 km for the two days of most significant rainfall were selected for analysis. The data analysis at the  1.5 km and 4.0 km height and for 28 days of overpasses show good correlation ranging from the maximum 0.99 to  the least 0.53 at 4 km and 0.99  to the least 0.59 at 1.5 km. The  ‘b’  parameter value of the power law  Z = aR^b  empirically derived  from MRR over Akure were used to calibrate TRMM-PR values for rain rate estimate, the mean difference of  radar reflectivity factor at heights 4.0 km and 1.5 km were 2.4 dB and 2.5dB respectively. The results also show that the radar reflectivity (dBZ) derived from the PR data after attenuation correction agrees to within 2.0 dB when compared with that of the MRR with a relative variation of ±0.9 dB at different heights.

Wireless sensor networks consist of multiple connected components, Due to multiple connected components, wireless sensor network gets break , which is called a cut. In this article we can detect this potential cuts, by consideration of  remaining nodes ,We have implemented an algorithm which allows

(i) Every node to detect when the connectivity to a specially designated node has been lost, and (ii) one or more nodes (that are connected to the special node after the cut) to detect the occurrence of the cut.

The algorithm used is distributed and asynchronous: every node communicates with only those nodes that are within its communication range. The algorithm is based on the iterative computation of a fictitious “electrical potential†of the nodes. The convergence rate of the underlying iterative scheme is independent of the size and structure of the network. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm through simulations and a real hardware implementation.

Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) is a network with structure less self organizing an autonomous system of mobile nodes which are connected by wireless links. In mobile network every mobile node functions as transmitter, router and data sink. Due to dynamic natured topology of network mobile nodes, MANETs are facing many deployments, routing, security, adaptability etc challenges. Among the various challenges that are getting explored in these days in field of MANETs, network density, such that number of nodes in a Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) is also a big challenge in designing the routing protocols. In this work an attempt has been made to compare the performance of three MANET Routing Protocols, such that Pro-active Routing Protocol: OLSR (Optimized Link State Routing Protocol), Reactive Routing Protocol: AODV (Ad-Hoc on Demand Distance Vector), Hybrid Routing Protocol: GRP (Geographic Routing Protocol) by using two different applications i.e. High Definition Video Conferencing and High Load FTP generating different types of data in the networks under different nodes densities (20, 40, 60 and 80) in the networks. All the networks are simulated by using a discrete event simulator OPNET 14.0 and results are gathered by using different performance evaluation metrics.  After the intensive simulation, it has found that the hybrid protocols (GRP) outperforms both reactive (AODV) and proactive (OLSR) protocols.

Skid resistance is a condition parameter that characterizes the contribution that a road surface makes to the level of friction available at the contact patch between a road surface and vehicle tire during acceleration, breaking and cornering manoeuvres. The surface texture and the surface course properties affect the roughness (microtexture, macrotexture and megatexture) which is influenced by traffic, weather and the environment. Some statistics data indicate that the number of accidents increases by up to two folds during rainy conditions. The PSV value of the aggregates used is a significant but not the sole influencing factor. The Polished Stone Value is determined under standard laboratory conditions and indicates to which extent an aggregate is resistant to polishing under the action of traffic. Skid resistance changes over time. Typically it increases in the first two years following construction as the roadway is worn away by traffic and rough aggregate surfaces become exposed, and then decreases over the remaining pavement life as aggregates become more polished.

In the present study, skid resistance and aggregate polishing value were conducted under varying bitumen content and using fillers materials like cement, fly ash. Texture depth is also a direct measure of area of contacts between tire and HMA surface so it also has the direct effect on pavement surface skidding.  Portable pendulum type skid resistance tester (ASTM E303 - 93) was used to obtain the skid resistance value and the polishing stone value. This testing is conducted under critical condition like dry and wet surface. The Guide for pavement friction NCHRP document-108, ASTM is referring for the friction mechanism, pavement-tire interaction, and machine recommendation. Main conclusion is the comparison of skid resistance value under several mixing condition.

Keywords: Skid Resistance, Potable Pendulum Tester, Statistics Accident Data, Polishing Machine, Marshall Test.

Women are more likely to experience psychosis during the period following childbirth than at any other time in their lives. Postpartum psychosis appears to be a heterogeneous group of mood and psychotic disorders. These disorders have in common the emergence of psychotic symptoms such as delusions and hallucinations in the first weeks postpartum, although some women may present several months later, usually with psychotic depression. The onset of psychosis during the postpartum period constitutes a medical emergency. Women with postpartum psychosis are more likely to commit suicide or infanticide than the general population. Acute management emphasizes hospitalization to ensure safety, mobilizing the family to ensure care of the newborn, antipsychotic medication, and treatment of the underlying disorder. This article focuses on Diagnostic Statistical Mannual of Mental Disorde-5 Revision (DSM-5) update and major clinical issues regarding postpartum psychosis.

Keywords: Postpartum, Psychosis, Peripartum, Depression, Bipolar disorder, Onset.

 

Compression algorithms are methods that reduce the number of symbols used to represent source information, therefore reducing the amount of space needed to store the source information or the amount of time necessary to transmit it for a given channel capacity. This paper presents a neural network based technique and wavelet based compression. A three layered Back propagation Neural Network (BPNN) was designed for building image compression system. The Back propagation neural network algorithm (BP) was Used for training the designed BPNN.

Keywords: Compression, Back Propagation Network, Neural Network

Considering the impacts of Industrial effluents on the water quality of many ponds, lakes, reservoirs and rivers as reported in the literature, the present study of water quality of a polluted pond was undertaken. Several Physico-Chemical parameters of the polluted pond river Noyyal connected namely Sulur pond at Coimbatore district were analyzed to evaluate its suitability for public use. Many methods of water quality determination have been discussed. A simple but useful index is the National Sanitation Foundation-water quality index (NSF-WQI).This index can be calculated by determines only eight Physico-chemical Parameters like DO, P^H, BOD, Total phosphate, Nitrates, TDS, Turbidity and Faecal coliforms. The water quality of the pond was found to be medium.

Key words: Physico-chemical parameter, Water quality, River Noyyal, Sulur pond, anthropogenic pollution

The rise  in use  of Internet  and  byte  code  languages such  as Java byte  code  and  Microsoft’s  Common Intermediate language have  made copying, decompiling  and disassembling software easier with the rapid development of Internet  and Software Industry. The issue of software piracy and security is of great concern. Software watermarking is a new technique appeared in recent years for software copyright protection. It embeds some secret information (watermark) into software as an identifier of the ownership of copyright for the software. We are going to implement a software watermarking algorithm that is effective for the copyright protection of java program, especially for java class files.

Index Terms—software watermarking, byte code, software copyright, protection, java program, class files.

The EEG (Electroencephalogram) is a representative signal containing information about the condition of the brain. The shape of the wave may contain useful information about the state of the brain. In recent years, brain computer interface and intelligent signal segmentation have attracted a great interest ranging from medicine to military objectives. To facilitate brain-computer interface assembly, a professional method of feature extraction from EEG signal is desired. The brain electrical activity is represented by the electroencephalogram (EEG) signals. This paper presents a short review of mathematical methods for extracting features from EEG signals. The review considers different methods such as FFT,WT,CWT and DWT for EEG signal extracting . The adopted approach is such that a full literature review is introduced for the different techniques, summarizing their strengths and weaknesses. The purposes of this paper, therefore, shall be discussing some conventional methods of EEG feature extraction methods, comparing their performances for specific task, and finally, recommending the most suitable method for feature extraction based on performance.

Keywords— ERP, EEG, fMRI,EEG- fMRI integration , EEG classification, EEG diseases.

Renewable energy is harvested from the natural resources like sunlight, wind, tides, geothermal heat etc. These renewable energy resources can be considered to be limitless unlike the highly exhaustible conventional fossil fuels. Solar energy is one of the most important forms of renewable energy. Photovoltaic (PV) converts solar energy into electricity. This paper presents simulation of the grid-connected PV generation system under MATLAB/Simulink. The control system used is P&O algorithm based on maximum power point tracking (MPPT). It helps PV array to generate the maximum power under various operating conditions. The system is then connected to the AC utility grid by DC/AC inverter. The inverter is controlled by voltage controller and current controller. Voltage controller makes the DC link voltage constant. Current controller controls power flow for achieving the unity power factor at point of connection.

Keywords- PV system, MPPT, DC/AC inverter, Current controller

In the present paper a comparative performance evaluation of standard median filter and adaptive median filter for impulsive and non- impulsive noises has been discussed. The Adaptive Median Filter eliminates the problems faced with the standard median filter, preserving the edges while smoothing the image. The difference between the two filters is that, in Adaptive Median Filter, the size of the window surrounding each pixel is variable. This variation depends on the median of the pixels in the present window. It is seen that impulse noise is greatly attenuated if filtered adaptively.

Keywords: De- noising, median filtering, Adaptive median filtering, impulsive noise, non-impulsive noise