In recent years, a wide research is being carried out on brain imaging which involves computer aided detection of abnormalities in brain. Out of many diagnostic imaging techniques for the early detection of any abnormal changes in brain tissues, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a widely-used imaging method. The shortage of radiologists for analyzing the brain MR images calls for an automated system to analyze and classify such medical images. Support Vector Machine (SVM) has been widely used in the recent years to classify brain MR images into different classes. SVM Classifiers perform the task of classification in two phases – training phase and testing phase. The amount of image data to be used for training plays a vital role in determining the accuracy of the SVM. This paper focuses on determining the optimal number of image data in the training set for which a better classification accuracy is obtained. Classification experiments with various percentages of data in the training set show that 80% of total dataset is the optimal one. Results also point out that Polynomial kernel function of SVM is more apt for brain MR images classification with classification accuracy of 100% when trained with 80% of data.

The work of this paper is to design and simulate a novel rectangular split ring and graphite wire structured having simultaneous negative permittivity and permeability so called double negative metamaterial or left handed material. The DNG structure consists of four rectangular split ring resonators on one side of dielectric medium and a couple of graphite wires on other side. The complex permittivity, permeability, impedance and refractive index are determined from simulated Scattering parameters using direct retrieval method. Simulations  of DNG structure are carried out using CST MWS. MATLAB is  used for verification of negative values of structure’s parameter.

Keywords: Double negative left handed material, Negative Permittivity, Negative Permeability, Negative Refractive Index, Negative impedance, Split Ring Resonators.

Abstract—The transient response of the distribution static com- pensator (DSTATCOM) is very important while compensating rapidly varying unbalanced and nonlinear loads. Any change in the load affects the dc-link voltage directly. The sudden removal of load would result in an increase in the dc-link voltage above the reference value, whereas a sudden increase in load would reduce the dc-link voltage below its reference value. The proper operation of DSTATCOM requires variation of the dc-link voltage within the prescribed limits. Conventionally, a proportional-inte- gral (PI) controller is used to maintain the dc-link voltage to the reference value. It uses deviation of the capacitor voltage from its reference value as its input. However, the transient response of the conventional PI dc-link voltage controller is slow. In this paper, a fast-acting dc-link voltage controller based on the energy of a dc-link capacitor is proposed. Mathematical equations are given to compute the gains of the conventional controller based on fast-acting dc-link voltage controllers to achieve similar fast transient response. The detailed simulation and experimental studies are carried out to validate the proposed controller.

Index Terms—DC-link voltage controller, distribution static compensator (DSTATCOM), fast transient response, harmonics, load compensation, power factor, power quality (PQ), unbalance, voltage-source inverter (VSI).

The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of service quality on spectator satisfaction . To measure service quality, Groonroos (1984) theoretical framework  which contained two dimensions of technical quality(outcome quality) and functional quality was used .The methodology was descriptive survey and the data was collected through random sampling   among 241 spectators of Shahid Beheshti Stadium in 2013 which was obtained by Cochran formula  .To examine hypothesis, Structural Equation Modeling in Error level of 0.05 was used .The results indicate the effect of functional quality on spectators satisfaction with regard to regression coefficient (0.08) and p-value (0.375) which is more than significance level of 0.05, is not significant. Therefore ,with possibility of 95 % , functional quality doesn’t have any positive effect on  spectators satisfaction .The results also indicate the effect of technical(outcome) quality on spectators satisfaction with regard to regression coefficient (0.76) and p-value (0.000) which is less than significance level of 0.05, is significant .Therefore ,with possibility of 95 % , technical(outcome) quality have  positive effect on  spectators satisfaction. .Considering the survey findings , spectators satisfaction have many benefits for the clubs .Clubs managers must do their  best to improve the service quality offered to spectators as well as to employ star players in order to provide spectators with satisfaction which results in spectators  presence in stadiums  .

Key words: Sport Marketing, Service Quality, satisfaction

The total covered Area of Gilgit-Baltistan is about 72496 square kilometers, bordering with China, Afghanistan and India. The flora and fauna of the Gilgit-Baltistan are unique because of their natural ecological zones there are 1,000 species of vascular plants are known to occur in northern mountain regions of Pakistan. Most of endemic plants are found in the northern mountains. Medicinal plants are important source of drugs for the treatment of various ailments of human kind. Out of 5,700 plant species in Pakistan, 400-600 species are considered to have medicinal use in unani and other medicines

Rural people especially poor households also extract and process medicinal plants to meet their daily needs such as fodder, medicine and shelter. The present study has been conducted in Doyan valley, Astore to make an assessment of the flora of the valley. The main objective of the study was to identify and enlist existing plant species and their distribution in the study area and preparation of a taxonomical checklist of the species with their scientific, vernacular and local names. A total of 80 plant species belonging to different families were recorded and specimens of unidentified plants species collected for further proper identification.

It was observed that during the study olive, Chilgoza, birch and spruce were abundantly found in the study area. The abundance of floral species is beneficial for livestock grazing while maintaining the ecosystem. Floral species have importance because many have medicinal and aromatic properties while so many others are used as timber and fodder. However, the most important aspect associated with plants is that they are the main source of oxygen for life on earth. The report mentions threats to the floral and their root causes and recommendations have also been suggested for improvement

Abstract

Background: Occupational stress has now become a very common issue in the health care organizations. Numerous research based articles have clarified that occupational stress affects the performance and working within clinical settings. There is a lack of authenticated data regarding the occupational stress among the nursing professionals in Mauritius.
Purpose: The purpose of the project is to measure the level of stress among the nursing professionals working in Dr. A. G. Jeetoo Hospital.
Methods: This project used cross sectional survey with the help of questionnaires based upon Likert approach and open ended approach. The sample of the study was selected from Dr. A. G. Jeetoo Hospital.
Results: A significant number of participants reported that they are working in a stressful environment within clinical settings.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that the nursing professionals usually face occupational stress while working in clinical settings. Occupational stress is also associated with the poor performance regarding the delivery of health care.

This paper describes about development of a new Live Communication Service provided over a network to its user.This paper aims towards describing the GPS technology in detail.The service described here comes under Location Based Networking.The user interface developed for Android based mobile phone provides access to the developed service whereas the server side coding composed in core Java and J2EE is made to run on a Cloud platform.This paper also  explains a new Algorithm known as RLCI or Remote Location Check In algorithm used in this developed service. The main aim of this paper is to explain the Networking involved in this service.The test performed over varied type of network with different GPS technology is utilized to make a comparative study of the parameters involved in networking.Location Based Networking described in this paper is motivated from resources and the services granted by Android operating System to provide location update using GPS.This paper is a work in a direction to make public safety  forward by one step. This paper is dedicated to the people of India and is an attempt to make our country a safer place  by using Live Network Communication service as a free  tool to update location  to combat emergency. 

The rapid adoption of smart phones has created a unique opportunity for mobile multimedia services for mobile users. Currently a majority of smart phones are equipped with both hardware that supports real-time video processing and ad-hoc wireless communication between peers and this allows real-time video streaming over multiple wireless hops between peer devices. Phones within communication range of each other automatically establish a wireless link creating a client mesh network (ad-hoc network of devices). Each phone in the client mesh network is able to produce/consume video and also acts as a relay to forward video to its next hop neighbors. Peer-to-peer video streaming from the cameras on smart phones to people nearby allows users to share what they see. Such streaming can be used in a variety of applications.

Internet worms place a major security threats to the Internet. This is due to the aptitude of worms to propagate in an automated fashion as they progressively compromise computers on the Internet. Internet worms develop gradually during their propagation and thus place great challenges to preserved against them. In this paper, we examine a new class of active worms, referred to as Non-overlapping Camouflaging Worm .The Non-overlapping C-Worm is different from traditional worms because of its ability to intelligently manipulate its scan traffic volume over time. Thereby, the Non-overlapping C-Worm camouflages its propagation from existing worm detection systems based on analyzing the propagation traffic generated by worms. We analyze characteristics of the Non-overlapping C-Worm and conduct a comprehensive comparison between its traffic and non-worm traffic (background traffic). We observe that these two types of traffic are barely distinguishable in the time domain. However, their distinction is clear in the frequency domain, due to the recurring manipulative nature of NOC worm. Motivated by our observations, we design a detection method that uses two-step procedures that combines a first stage change point detection with a second stage growth rate inference to confirm the existence of a worm. This scheme is better than the NOC-worm

Keywords-Worms , Propagation speed, Camouflage, Non-overlapping scanning.

 Naphthoquinones are common compounds found in several species of Bignoniaceae and exhibit anti plasmodial activity hence providing leads for discovery and development of anti theilerial drugs.  This study has established the presence of naphthoquinones in the leaf, stem bark and root bark of S. kunthianum for both the hydrophilic and lipophilic extracts and established the anti theilerial activity of the lipophilic root bark extract. Sixteen unknown naphthoquinones in both the lipophilic and hydrophilic extracts of the leaf; stem bark and root bark of S. kunthianum  were screened by Thin layer chromatographic technique. The lipophilic root bark extract of S.kunthianum caused death of macroschizonts of T.parva with 18 % mean percentage activity at a start experimental dose of 1 µg/L. The mean percentage activity against macroschizonts of T. parva increased with increase in the concentration of the lipophilic root bark extract of S. kunthianum. The in vitro Median Effective Concentration, EC₅₀ of 1.585µg/L as compared to the reported EC₅₀ of 0.3 µg/L for Buparvaquone, a known hydroxy naphthoquinone used in the treatment of ECF, was obtained for the lipophilic root bark extract of Stereospermum kunthianum against Theileria parva by linear regression analysis.

Key words: Stereospermum kunthianum, Anti-theilerial Activity, Lipophilic, Root Bark Extract, Theileria Parva

This paper shows the application of the FACTS controllers used in power system for balancing the Reactive Power, Voltage Stability & Power Factor through-out the process of the transmission of the power. In this paper the simulation model of the UPFC & STATCOM Facts Controllers are taken for observation so that a complete comparison can be carried out so that the output result can be more useful for the further application. The Matlab Simulation is used here to carry out the whole process. In this paper the after the comparison of all three devices the best one is chosen among them for results.

Key Words: STATCOM, UPFC, VOLTAGE STABILITY, REACTIVE POWER, ACTIVE POWER

One of the most common degradations in medical images is their poor contrast quality and noise. Therefore, the image has to get under a process called image enhancement which contains an aggregation of techniques that look for improving the visual aspect of an image. Medical images are one of the fundamental images, because they are used in more sensitive field which is a medical field. Researchers made various attempts to enhance the biomedical images using various signal processing methods. Several techniques have been explored and reported for improving the quality of the medical images. Still, there is a scope of improvement in the area of quality enhancement of the medical scans. The basic objective of this study is to evaluate and discuss different techniques and approaches proposed in order to handle different medical imaging types. The paper provides a short overview of different methods presented in the prospect of medical image enhancement.

Key words: ULTRASOUND, Medical images, Brain, visualization, soft tissues, Tongue diagnosis. Computed Tomography (CT)

The word "cluster" is used broadly in computer networking to refer to a number of different implementations of shared computing resources. Typically, a cluster integrates the resources of two or more computing devices (that could otherwise function separately) together for some common purpose. In this paper we have presented brief introduction about cluster. We also presented document cluster, similarity measure and cosine similarity.

Keywords: -Cluster, Similarity Measure.

Polyhydroxybutyrates (PHB) are bio-plastics that are produced by many microbial species under carbon rich and nutrient starvation conditions. Poly (ß-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) belongs to a family of microbial energy/carbon storage compounds collectively known as poly hydroxyalkanoates. The organisms producing PHBs have been isolated, identified and the conditions of maximum production optimized. The cheaper raw material for the mass production of PHB are constantly being studied and suggested to lower the production cost. Most of the commercial productions are at present more expensive than synthetic polymer production. Since biopolymers offer the dual advantage of being formed from renewable resources and in addition to it they are also completely biodegradable, the structure, properties and regulation of synthesis and degradation of PHB should be reviewed and the microbial production of copolymers of 3-hydroxybutyrate and 3-hydroxyvalerate, with properties varying according to copolymer composition, must be considered.

A wireless sensor network (WSN) consists of spatially distributed autonomous sensors to monitor physical or environmental condition  such as  temperature,  sound,  pressure, etc. and to cooperatively pass their data through the network to a main location. The more modern networks are bi-directional, also enabling control of sensor activity. The development of wireless sensor networks was motivated by military applications such as battlefield surveillance; today such networks are used in many industrial and consumer applications, such as industrial process monitoring and control, machine health monitoring, and so on. How nodes communicate with each other effectively and intelligently is a key issue in these types of networks. This work presents a simple but yet efficient network discovery and an intelligent metric for route selection in smart environments that combines several parameters through the use of fuzzy logic, shortest hop method and through virtual backbone scheduling (VBS).

Image speaks more than words! We are dealing with images from Mars to Hollywood with a stop at the hospital. All of these images are compressed with the same amount of information while coming to us. So we need compression and in compression we need to deal with many transformations. Hence we will decide and choose the transformation which gives the best energy compaction. Energy compaction is the ability to pack energy of the spatial sequences into as few frequency coefficients as possible. It is important in image compression. If compaction is high, we only have to transmit a few coefficients instead of the whole set of pixels. So we will compare the result of all data of available many transformations. We will use MATLAB for the same.

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs)  consist of large number of sensing nodes that organize themselves into multi-hop wireless networks. It is desirable for communication protocols to minimize the communication overhead and hence the energy consumption while keeping the data delivery relatively reliable. An ad hoc wireless network consists of mobile networks which creates an underlying architecture for communication without the help of traditional fixed-position routers. However, the architecture must maintain communication routes although the hosts are mobile and they have limited transmission range. There are different protocols for handling the routing in the mobile environment. So, in this paper we present two protocols –one is CAODV(Cross-Layer AODV),based on a cross-layer design and Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) routing protocol used in wireless sensor networks -and the other is AODV(Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector) routing protocol used in ad hoc wireless networks and the comparison of these protocols

In this research project we are enhancing the software quality measurement using API and theoretic information metrics. Along with the new set of metrics that measure the quality of modularization of a non-object-oriented software system, we are presenting metrics that also measures the quality of modularization of object oriented software system. We have proposed a set of design principles to capture the notion of modularity and defined metrics centered on these principles. These metrics characterize the software from a variety of perspectives: structural, architectural, and notions such as the similarity of purpose and commonality of goals. (By structural, we are referring to inter module coupling-based notions, and by architectural, we mean the horizontal layering of modules in large software systems.) We employ the notion of API (Application Programming Interface) as the basis for our structural metrics.

In addition to this, we proposed a System to measure the quality of modularization of object-oriented software system. Here our work is proposed in three Parts as follows:

Module 1: DEFINING METRICS FOR OBJECT ORIENTED SOFTWARE AND ALGORITHM. Module 2: CODE PARSER and Finally Module 3: CODE ANALYZER.

Index Terms— Application programming interface; modularization; dependency; communication. 

Feeling of loneliness and being alone were found to be independent predictors of motor decline in old age.[33.[34] It also leads to memory impairment and learning difficulties, and makes the person prone to Alzheimer's disease.[35] Several researchers report interventions for loneliness. These interventions are to be individualized to control expectations as per personal efficiency[26] and improve capacities to socialize,[27] Behavioral training and feedback regulate behavior and improve the frequency and degree of loneliness positively.[28,29] Studies reported that members of intervention groups favorably responded on social contacts and loneliness in comparison to controls.[30] Thus, loneliness is a treatable, rather than an irreversible condition

Wireless sensors network are becoming more popular in environmental monitoring, healthcare applications and etc. Since they are either worn or implanted into human body, these sensors must be very small in size and light in weight. Now a day, many studies exploit cluster head techniques to collect large scale data-base sensor data for environmental observations or weather forecasting. Agent (cluster head) travels in sensing areas and collect data directly from each sensor. By using DPV (Delivering predicted Value) method, data can be collected and drop unused data thus we can say that we reduce communication traffic. However, in many methods, the mobile sink collects data from all sensors that the mobile sink can communicate with. In this project, we propose a communication traffic reduction method by agent approach for sensor data collection. In our proposed method, the agent broadcasts predicted sensor data to each sensor. Only sensors whose sensing data exceeds the admissible error margin from the predicted sensor data transmit their data. At the same time we also concentrate on the energy efficiency of the sensor. Therefore, the communication traffic can be reduced and at the time of implementation results demonstrated the effectiveness of our proposed method.

Workplace violence is a serious occupational risk for the domestic and global workforce, accounting for approximately 900 deaths and 1.7 million non-fatal assaults each year in the United States. In  British  Columbia, nurses  have  nearly  four times  the  incidence  of  violence  of  any  other  profession. However, no studies have investigated this phenomenon in Ethiopia. Therefore the objective of this study was to assess the prevalence and predictors of workplace violence against nurses working in referral hospitals of Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia.

Method: Facility based cross sectional study was conducted among nurses working in all referral hospitals of Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia. Two hundred fifteen (215) nurses were selected by simple random sampling technique. Data were collected using structured and pre-tested questionnaire Data ware entered and analyzed using SPSS software version 16.

Result: Out of 215 nurses expected, 203 nurses participated in the study . Over all 168(82.2%) of the nurses have experienced workplace violence during the previous 12 months.  Among these 81.8%, 9.9%, 47.3%, and 23.2% had history of verbal abuse, sexual harassment, bulling/mobbing and physical violence respectively within the past 12 months. Nurses working in the inpatient departments were 4 times more likely to experience workplace violence than those who did not (AOR=4.326, 95% C.I., 1.594, 11.739.   Clients who wait long for service above the recommended time were 3 times more likely to create workplace violence than those who did not (AOR=2.960, 95% C.I.1.214, 7.217). 

In this paper a low cost, simple and small size ultrawideiband circular monopole antenna is designed. The notch band is created by multiple number of slots in the ground plane. The proposed antenna is designed on the FR-4 substrate of height 1.6 mm.  The antenna is designed with ground plane of dimension 50 x 55 mm and is fed by 50 ohm microstrip line. It is found that the EBG design approach  in the ground plane is a good candidate for frequency rejection of wide range. The antenna achieves an operational bandwidth of 1.5 Ghz  (1.5 Ghz to 3 Ghz) which included ISM band (1.8 and 2.4 Ghz), WiFi / Bluetooth (2.4 Ghz), Satellite Radio (2.3 Ghz), and GPS (1.575 Ghz).

Keywords: UltraWideBand (UWB), Electromagntic band Gap (EBG), notch Band

Background: Health implications of asbestos roofing are the first of its kind and there are no studies on it.

Objectives: To see prevalence of health implications of the household members related to the asbestos roofing and suggest remedies for the same.

Materials and method: Households with asbestos roofing in suburban area are enumerated down and 100 household are selected randomly and members clinically examined. Analysis is done in SPSS 21.

Results: Prevalence of Dermatological Pathology found to be 68%. Females affected more than males.(p < .001 ). Face & neck being the more common parts affected, with skin lesions(p< .01).  Presence of plants and trees surrounding the household and the presence of dermatological lesions are negatively correlated.

Conclusion: Housing pattern with asbestos as roofing has certainly effect on the health and is associated with skin pathology.

Key words: asbestos roofing, health implications, sub-urban area.

There are few issues with the manual process of delivering documentation with respect to potential monitoring of individuals. The process being time consuming also involves errors in documentation, non standard nomenclature, rewriting and overwriting, multiple verifications etc. To address these needs, an automated system has been developed which is named ‘Online Monitoring, Controlling and Co-ordination of Potential’.‘Online Monitoring, Controlling and Co-ordination of Potential’ is a web application that enables tracking and monitoring the progress of employees. The different users of this system are administrator, initiating authority, reviewing authority and employee. ‘Online Monitoring, Controlling and Co-ordination of Potential’ facilitates communication and coordination between these users.The actual process in PAR begins with employee, initially he enters all his details and submits. Then the initiating authority (IA) views the details entered, he will rate the performance and also gives feedback about the performance of the employee and submits. Once it is submitted by the IA the reviewing authority(RA) will rate the performance and also gives feedback and submits. With all these features in place, ‘Online Monitoring, Controlling and Co-ordination of Potential’ promotes smooth and effective coordination and management of work pertaining to performance or potential appraisal.

The accuracy and the reliability of various analyses using the measured FRFs depend strongly on the quality of measured data. It is well known that the quality of measured frequency response functions (FRFs) is adversely affected by many factors, most significant sources being noise and systematic errors like mass loading effects of transducers. A transducer mounted on a vibrating system changes the dynamics of the structure due to the addition of extra mass and introduces errors into measured FRFs. One problem with this is the production of unrealistic results, which cause the measured resonant frequencies to be less than the correct values. These errors also lead to incorrect prediction of modal parameters. In many situations, the mass loading effect is ignored in the analytical and experimental Modelling process, based on a usual assumption that the transducer mass is negligible compared to that of the structure under test. However, when light-weighted structures are investigated, this effect can be significant and it may be necessary to eliminate this undesirable side effect before the measured data are used for further analyses.

     The mass loading effects of accelerometer and force transducer can be eliminated from measured FRFs (including point FRF and transfer FRF) in shaker modal testing. Considering different sensors for response measurements, two common collocations in shaker modal testing are investigated: (1) shaker + Laser Doppler  vibrometer case, in which only force transducer mass loading effects need to be removed, and (2) shaker + accelerometer case, in which both accelerometer and force transducer mass should be eliminated.

     The Sherman-Morrison identity for the elimination of mass loading effects of accelerometers from measured FRF. The formulation presented can be applied for both fixed transducer (hammer testing) and moving transducer (shaker testing) case. In moving transducer case, a dummy mass is utilized. Also, the transducer mass loading effect on the transfer FRFs can be removed by considering a set of measurements using two accelerometers with different masses. Sometimes, the effect of the extra masses on a measured FRF can be cancelled by cancellation technique for transducers at the driving points.

     The resonance frequencies of the plate measured with an accelerometer are lower than those of measured without accelerometer. However, after the elimination of the effect of the mass difference between the two accelerometers, both the natural frequencies and the FRFs as a whole are in quite good agreement with the target values.

Keywords:Modal Analysis, Frequency Response Function, modal parameters, mass loading effects, etc..

Cloud computing refers to the delivery of computing resources over the Internet. In a cost efficient cloud environment, a user will experience a degree of delay while retrieving information from the cloud. In such an environment, two main issues facing by the users are efficiency and privacy. This work first focuses on the private keyword based file retrieval scheme, permits users to get the files without losing any information from an unsecured server on demand. The disadvantage of this scheme is that, it leads to heavy querying cost. This work presents a new scheme called EIRQ (Efficient Information Retrieval for Ranked Query), based on an ADL (Aggregation and Distribution Layer), to lessen the querying cost. In EIRQ, user can select a rank to his query, where a highest ranked query will retrieve a higher percent of matched files and vice versa. This is beneficial whenever cloud retrieves large numbers of matched files, but the user is in need of only few files. Valuations are performed to check the efficiency of the scheme in the cloud.

 

The transesterification process was carried out for karanja oil seed, jatropha oil seed and thumba oil by using alkali catalyst KOH. The properties of biodiesel like density, viscosity, flash point, pour point, cloud point was compared with conventional diesel at 70⁰c. The Effect of temperature on karanja oil methyl ester (KOME), jatropha oil methyl ester (JOME) and thumba oil methyl ester (TOME) were studied and yield for karanja, jatropha, thumba methyl ester was obtained 85%, 86%, 81% respectively. Maximum conversion of the methyl ester was achieved at 0.3 (v/v) methanol/oil ratios for karanja oil seed, jatropha oil seed, thumba oil.

In this paper an efforts has been made to estimate pixel intensity based on information present in the whole image and thereby exploiting the presence of similar patterns and features. The method is called non-local image de-noising method. This estimates noise-free pixel intensity as a weighted average of all pixel intensities in the image, and the weights are proportional to the similarity between the local neighborhood of the pixel being processed and local neighborhoods of surrounding pixels. This non-local method works on the assumption that image contains an extensive amount of redundancy. But we can find many pixels which have very less number of pixels with similar neighborhood in an image, especially at edges and when the image is corrupted with higher noise variance. Because of this, de-noised image visual quality is less. For further improvement in visual quality of image at the edges KL transform based local filter is designed and applied.

Keywords— KL Transform; de-noising; non-local method; visual quality.

In most developing countries, leasing is one of the few forms of medium-to long-term financing available to businesses for fixed assets. It provides all types specially MFIs (Micro Finance Institutions) with an opportunity to reach new borrowers and expand existing markets. This paper attempts to analyze the performance of leasing companies in Bangladesh. Here simple ratio and trend analysis has been done. The ratios and trend analysis show that profitability situation of leasing companies decrease over the year due to increase financial as well as other operating expenses. On the other hand lease contribution in revenue portion improving day by day which signifies the efficiency of managing the lease business properly. The study also covers the laws and regulation of leasing business in Bangladesh. The findings have important implications for the development of lease financing in Bangladesh.

Key words: Leasing, NBFI, MFIs, term lending, SME

India comprises statutory laws which guarantee time bound delivery of services for various public services rendered by the Government to citizen and provides mechanism for punishing the errant public servant who is deficient in providing the service stipulated under the statute. Right to Service legislation is meant to reduce corruption among the government officials and to increase transparency and public accountability. Here I am going to indicate that the daily happening in political system of India likewise corruption, steps have been adopted to made political system a transparent. To overcome the need of transparency in political/governmental system in India the public service guarantee act has been adopted. In the adoption of the act Madhya Pradesh is among one of the states. Madhya Pradesh implemented this act to make accountable the officials about delay in delivery and make system transparent.

Keywords: Public Services Guarantee Act provides, procedure, objectives, challenges, service improvement, and transperacy of administration.

A comparative study of  SiGe  based MOS transistor with single Si and Ge based MOS transistors has been investigated. The objective of this study is to analyze the performance of SiGe MOSFET which  shows some significantly better electrical characteristics as compared to the silicon and Germanium channel MOSFET’s. Design, Simulation and analysis of transistors has been performed with the help of Visual TCAD.

Keywords: SiGe, NMOS, Visual TCAD, I-V characteristics.

There are several approaches of outlier detection employed in many study areas amongst which distance based and density based outlier detection techniques have gathered most attention of researchers.So we are using hybrid of these two methods.The existing system uses distance based method for outlier detection and K-means  as clustering method.But distance based method has limitation that it fails for non-uniform datasets.The k-means method requires number of clusters to form as input which is difficult for real life datasets which contains millions of attributes and rows.So we move to proposed model.The proposed model uses hybrid of distance and density outlier detection methods and weighted squuzer method for clustering.Most of the models deals with only single datasets.Here the project deals with mixed datasets.Future scope will be to handle dyanamic data.

Keywords—outlierdetection,weighted squeezer clustering, hybrid, distance ,density based, k-means, mixed datasets.

Mobile Ad hoc Network is a robust infrastructure less wireless network. It can be formed either by mobile nodes or by both fixed and mobile nodes. Nodes are randomly connected with each other and forming arbitrary topology. MANET is susceptible to various routing attacks which hinder the security of the network. The routing attack addressed in this paper is the black hole attack in DSR protocol of MANET. In the Black hole attack a malicious node advertises itself as the best shortest route to the destination. This paper describes a strategy to detect and isolate the multiple black hole attack in MANETs.

Keywords : MANET, Black hole attack, DSR

In this paper, we  propose a cloud detection and removal approach based on information cloning. The approach removes cloud-contaminated portions of a satellite image and then reconstructs the information of missing data utilizing temporal correlation of multi temporal images[1]. The basic idea is to clone information from cloud-free patches to their corresponding cloud-contaminated patches under the assumption that land cover change insignificantly over a short period of time. Firstly, cloud is detected by using simple thresholding approach. Then a semi automatic approach is used to detect the cloud regions and the SSIM index for both the target and reference images is calculated to sort out according to image similarity. Finally the patch-based information reconstruction is mathematically formulated as a Poisson equation and solved using a global optimization process. Thus, the proposed approach can potentially yield better results in terms of radiometric accuracy and consistency.

Keywords: Cloud removal, information cloning, Poisson equation.