Globalisation, Industrialization, increase in population and increase in the machine dependence has led to a tremendous increase in the power demand but the comparative generation of power is not up to the mark. Hydro power plants need lot of water flow, nuclear and thermal power plants need non renewable energy forms in tremendous amount as well as there are many safety precautions to be taken. Earth resources needed for power generation are depleting but the demand of power is increasing! Its the cry of the hour to find out either an alternative power source or an alternative resource for power generation. Trapping and harnessing of natural electricity i.e. lightning with the help of rocketry and basic electrical concepts of conductors and capacitors this alternative of power generation resources as well as an alternative of power can be generated. This power generation includes study of chemical properties of substances, stress and strain i.e. the bearing capacity of metals, combustion properties of the fuels (chemicals) and electrical properties of conductors and capacitors. It includes calculation work for a proper functioning as well as designing of the research project.

This project gives the systematic procedure of the modeling and simulation of a Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR) for power quality problem, voltage sag based on Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) technique. This problem is reduced by using custom power devices. The control of the Voltage Source Converter (VSC) is done with the help of PWM. The proposed DVR is modeled and simulated by using MATLAB/Simulink environment.

Keywords: Power Quality, DVR, voltage sags/swells, VSI, Synchronous Reference Frame Theory, MATLAB/SIMULINK.

A good optical quality single crystal of 2- Amino 5- Nitro pyridinium Hydrogen Oxalate (2A5NPHO) was grown by using unidirectional solution growth method. Photoconductivity, Microhardness and Dielectric studies of 2- Amino 5- Nitro Pyridinium Hydrogen Oxalate (2A5NPHO) were carried out.  KEITHLEY 480 picometer was used for photoconductivity studies of a triclinic crystal (2A5NPHO). Microhardness was measured by using Vicker’s hardness tester. Dielectric studies were performed with help of HIOKI HITESTER model 3532- 50 LCR meter

Optical good quality defect free single crystals of Potassium L-alaninate (PLAla),  was grown by slow evaporation technique at room temperature. The physico-chemical properties of the as grown crystals were analysed from single crystal XRD, thermal, spectral,  and DC conductivity studies. From  XRD analysis, it is assured that Potassium L-alaninate (PLAla),  crystal belongs to orthorhombic system. Thermal studies shows their endothermic response to heat. The melting point, average weight loss and possibility of phase transition and decomposition of the material were determined by TG-DTA analyses. The FTIR analysis confirms the functional groups present in the crystal. UV-Visible transmittance spectra was recorded to identify the transparency in visible and near infrared (NIR) region.  The UV spectral studies show the good transparency of the crystals . The dielectric and AC conductivity studies were analysed as a function of resistance for various temperatures.  The result reveals that the crystal of  Potassium L-alaninate (PLAla) shows good AC electrical characteristics.

 

Glass Fibre Reinforced Plastic are blended mixtures of two or more constituents whose properties differ substantially. Fibre reinforced polyester (FRP), commonly used to construct aircraft bodies or ships, is widely used in making a wide range of products like rocket launchers, VHS trains, automobiles, windmill blades and sports equipment. The need in industry is to be able to drill through these layers in one operation without need for any rework.

Cloud computing is a model for delivering services in which resources are retrieved from the internet through web-based tools and applications, rather than a direct connection to a server. Data is stored in servers. Cloud computing structure allows access to information as long as an electronic device has access to the web.  According to National institute of standards and  Technology (NIST) – “the major objective of cloud computing is to maximize the shared resources and at the same time the disadvantage is its high infrastructure cost and unnecessary energy consumption.†Global warming has been a big concern of late, with high power consumption and CO2 emission. With the continuously increasing popularity and usage of cloud computing, high power consumed and harmful gasses released by data centers.   Cloud uses thousands of data centers to processes user queries and to run these data centers bulk amount of power is used for cooling and other processes. This power consumption increases gradually every year and green computing playing a helpful role to curb these issues. This type of system allows employees to work remotely. It enables hosting of applications from consumer, scientific and business domains. But data centers hosting cloud computing applications consume huge amounts of energy, contributing to high operational costs and carbon footprints to the environment. With energy shortages and global climate change leading our concerns these days, the power consumption of data centers has become a key issue. Therefore, green cloud computing solutions saves energy as well as reduces operational costs. The vision for energy efficient management of cloud computing environments is presented here. The proposed scheme has a two important features .These approaches (DPS(by using Dvfs technology), VM migration technology based on threshold value) have been tried out to make cloud computing environments more environmental friendly . These approaches have been tried out in the data centers under experimental conditions.

An orthorhombic (2- Amino 5 – Nitro Pyridinum Phosphate) semi organic crystals was grown using slow evaporation method. As grown crystals of 2A5NPDP was characterized by microhardness, dielectric and photoconductivity studies. Hardness value was measured by Vickers hardness. The study of dielectric constant was carried out by using HIOKI 3532-50 LCR HITESTER. The photoconductivity was also measured by using KEITHLEY 485 picometer.

The improvement of power quality are required in AC-DC converters in terms of power factor correction. The PF is improved by reduction of total harmonic distortion at input of ac supply. Also high PF needed precisely regulated dc output. This paper briefly explains a three phase rectifer with high PF using single-ended primary-inductance converter (SEPIC) operating in discontinuous conduction mode with the analysis and design. The high PF at the input ac mains is attained through the use of current control loop. Average current mode control is used in proposed topology. The DCM topology is implemented for attain improved power factor in an effective and simple manner. The advantages of DCM operation are turn-on of the power switches at zero-current, turn-off the output diode at zero-current and simple control circuitry.

Keywords: Discontinuous conduction mode (DCM), power factor correction (PFC), single-ended primary-inductor converter (SEPIC),Single stage PFC

This project deals with reactive power compensation and harmonic reduction by single-phase inverter for grid connected DG systems. The main theme is to integrate DG unit with shunt active Power filters. so that, the inverter controls the active power and performs the non linear load current harmonic by keeping grid current almost sinusoidal. The control scheme uses a current reference generator based on SSI and IRP theory together with repetitive current controller.

A shock absorber or a suspension system is a mechanical device used to absorb shock loads and dissipate kinetic energy. Shock absorbers are used to reduce the effect of traveling over rough ground, leading to improved ride quality, and increase in comfort due to substantially reduced amplitude of disturbances. In this project a shock absorber is designed and a 3D model is created using Pro/Engineer. Structural analysis and fatigue analysis are done to by varying the materials as structural steel; chrome vanadium and AISI steel 1050. In this project a shock absorber is designed and a 3D model is created using Pro/Engineer and the analysis is made by using FINATE ELEMENT ANALYSIS (FEM). Structural analysis and fatigue analysis are carried on the spring by varying the materials as structural steel, chrome vanadium and AISI 1050 steel. Comparison is made by between the simulation, analytical and experimental values for deflection and maximum shear stress.

 

In this project, we intend a new technique of noise removal from an image degraded with Gaussian noise using soft thresholding. In this project, we also compare Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) of different technique. There are two types of thresholding: Soft and Hard thresholding. The Universal thresholding technique i.e. VisuShrink is based on the Hard-thresholding and it is not suitable for Soft-thresholding. In this we proposed simple method and adaptive since the estimation of thresholding parameters depends on the data of wavelet coefficients. According to the experimental results, this proposed method has higher Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) than the Mantosh and VisuShrink methods.

Endodontic files were initially standardized with a linear variant percentage of 2% taper. These file system shows a drastic difference in percentage taper which can impair the formation of a smooth confluent root canal preparation. A constant percentage file sizing system was later introduced in 1991; it makes more logical sense in the percentage taper of files. However the actual volume of dentin removed between files is inconsistent. At this increase in size, the difference in dentin removal between each file varies from approximately 16% between the first two sizes and approximately 45% between the last two sizes The next system of file introduced is constant volume removal (CVR) type. In this file system the diameter increases uniformly from D1 to D2.The volume of file is the frustum (formed between D1 and D2), each subsequent file in the set has volume greater than its previous file in a predetermined manner

The aim of the present investigation has led to a simplified period–height equation for use in the seismic assessment of RC buildings, taking due accounts of the presence of moment-resisting and shear walls. The period of vibration which has been derived herein represents the period of first mode of vibration. The study includes the seismic response of regular and irregular buildings and soil flexibility using the Winkler’s soil model. The parameters considered for the given study are three different types of soil (i.e, soft, medium and hard), for  high seismic zone and building irregularities like plan irregularity, vertical irregularities such as, Mass irregularity, Non parallel, offset irregularity, re-entrant corners irregularity and stiffness irregularity, as per IS:1893-2002 for 10, 15, 20 storey buildings. Various analytical models for the parametric study are modeled using Etabs.V.9.2 software. Various parametric studies have carried out to estimate the fundamental time period of the structure with moment-resisting frame and shear walls.

The dairy sector in India is characterized by a smallholder production system of village based production units often consisting of one to three milking animals. Government agencies and policymakers of India have underlined the key role of dairy enterprise in terms of improving the socio-economic status of the rural poor by reducing the longstanding problems of unemployment and underemployment. The present study was conducted in five villages of Moradabad District, Uttar Pradesh and entirely based on primary data. The study revealed that despite the involvement of large number of farmers the dairy farming is considered as the secondary occupation. The increasing demand for milk and milk products has resulted in the increase in milk production but low productivity per animal and unorganized channel of milk marketing is dominant in the study area. The employment generation is determined by with the landholding, caste, access to market, income from dairy enterprise and other socio-economic attributes. The major problems, faced by dairy farmers, are low pricing system, fodder crisis, absence of ready market, lack of veterinary services, exploitation by milkmen etc.

FE analysis provides an optimal and quick way to optimize the structural design of any vehicle. When considering the structural design of a vehicle, chassis design plays an important role for all the parts are attached to the chassis only. The better the design of the chassis better is the vehicle. Most of the current heavy vehicles are using C Sections for their chassis design. The current work focuses on using I-section in place of C Section. For this an 8X8 heavy truck chassis is taken and a modified with I sections. Different analyses, namely static, modal and harmonic analyses are performed on both the chasses. It is found that the I-section chassis performs better than C section chassis. Results are discussed in the paper.

Today’s Internet users are majorly interested in accessing data only from server i.e. interested in data networks instead of host networks. But the current Internet architectures are host centric network and it is not practically possible to deploy a pure data-centric architecture. Therefore this paper describes such architecture which is future proof DCNA for Internet which is incrementally deployable that supports both data centric and host centric services having features like multi-homing and mobility. Keywords:-Ad-hoc network, incrementally deployable, future proof.

In order to study the morphological characters of teak leaves and their influence on teak defoliator and skeletonizer, the study was conducted in the Laboratories of Biotechnology and Agricultural Chemistry of ASPEE College of Horticulture and Forestry, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari, Gujarat during 2010 and 2011. Result revealed that average leaf length, width and area to the tune of 38.52 cm, 33.79 cm and 459.60 cm2, respectively. Leaf colour (dark green) in teak failed to influence leaf damage inflicted by teak defoliator and skeletonizer, significantly.

Cloud computing is a technique to deliver software, storage and processing. The idea increases system’s functionality without having adjusting the existing national infrastructure, training new people or maybe using licenses for that computer software. The idea boosts the existing computer software features as well as expands the knowledge Technological innovation sources. Lately, cloud computing has exploded upward swiftly as well as increased the company notion inside it market. Irrespective of all the so-called triumphs with cloud computing, stability is still an essential obstacle with cloud computing paradigm. These types of difficulties consist of user’s secret information (like health insurance and economic data) reduction, leakage as well as exposing connected with privacy. We have analyzed literary works as well as outlined a variety of forms with cloud computing, it demonstrates that privacy/security in cloud is still undeveloped.

In order to reduce the atmospheric pollution emitted by automobiles, control devices are being incorporated in the vehicles in many countries. This has resulted in a reduced vehicle mileage to the extent of about fifteen percent. Without the introduction of new technology, any further reduction in emission levels would be expected to extract payment in the form of further fuel economy losses. It is, therefore, worthwhile to look into the suitability of “clean†burning fuels for use in internal combustion engines and assess their potential for reducing engine exhaust emissions. So the investigation of alternative fuels becomes very necessary.

        Hydrogen powered vehicles have been in development for the past decade. Hydrogen internal combustion engines may prove to be the most effective solution for the immediate future. This project explores the feasibility of making hydrogen internal combustion engines in mass produced vehicles. We researched the different methods for producing hydrogen, storing it in vehicles and converting traditional internal combustion to burn hydrogen instead of gasoline. Through this research we investigated the advantages of hydrogen internal combustion engines over hydrogen fuel cells. Though this technology shows the promising future, it has long way to go with further R & D, experimentation work for further betterment and efficient technological advancement in future.

Keyword: reduced emission, fuel economy, new technology, alternative fuel, hydrogen ICE.